Bemisia tabaci is a recognized pest in cassava manihot esculenta crops in asia and africa, where it transmits the cassava mosaic geminiviruses cmgs family. It causes extensive damage by direct feeding on plants, reducing quality, secreting honeydew and transmitting plant viruses. Host plant performance, esterase, and virus transmission tests revealed cassavastrain and sweetpotatostrain populations of whitefly bemisia tabaci gennadius biotypes in india. Gene expression profiling in the thiamethoxam resistant and susceptible bbiotype sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci. Aleyrodidae is a cryptic species complex, including members that are pests of global importance. Genetic relationships among biotypes of bemisia tabaci hemiptera. Pushpull strategies that are currently being developed.
Pdf genetic relationships among biotypes of bemisia. In florida the b biotype is referred to as the sweetpotato or silverleaf whitefly. Adaptation of bemisia tabaci biotype b gennadius to. Due to the differential dynamics and distribution of the various biotypes, assisted by the development and application of more discriminating molecular identification methods, the reader should seek the most. In 2010, the b biotype was given a new designation, bemisia tabaci middle east asia minor 1, one of 28 cryptic species in the b.
Silverleaf whitefly, formerly known as bemsia argentifolii, is now officially recognized as the b biotype. Aleyrodidae was detected outside of greenhouse or nursery environments when it was collected from 10 residential landscape and 2 open field environments in florida. At least 20 genetic biotypes, with varying degrees of biological characterization, are currently recognized within thebemisia tabaci hemiptera. Dynamics of bemisia tabaci biotypes and insecticide. Q biotype whiteflies, more properly known as bemisia tabaci. Two whitefly biotypes of bemisia tabaci, from either the eastern or western hemisphere, respectively, were compared with respect to their competency to ingest and their efficiency to transmit the new wvorld begomovirus, cliino del tomate virus cdtvi. Bemisia tabaci med was also detected in 8 wholesale nurseries from 4 counties and 17 retail nurseries from 8. The genus bemisia contains 37 species and is thought to have originated from asia mound and halsey, 1978.
Detection of bemisia tabaci gennadius q biotype in. Bemisia tabaci is among the most destructive of the vectors. Aleyrodidae biotypes in brazil using rapd markers l. For the first time in the united states, bemisia tabaci med q biotype of b. Mtcoi sequencing and microsatellite genotyping were used to investigate the population structure and endosymbionts of t. In a comprehensive survey of biotypes present in central china between 2005 and 2007, we obtained 191 samples of b. The first nymphal instar is capable of limited movement and is called the crawler. In other parts of the world it may be referred to as the cotton or tobacco whitefly. Biotype q of bemisia tabaci identified in israel springerlink.
Aleyrodidae is a major pest of many agricultural and ornamental crops in tropical and subtropical regions causing damages that result in important economic losses. Pdf host plant performance, esterase, and virus transmission tests revealed cassavastrain and sweetpotatostrain populations of whitefly bemisia. Bemisia tabaci bemitadocuments eppo global database. Dna markers for identifying bemisia tabaci b and q. Insecticide resistance and its management in bemisia. The silverleaf whitefly, formerly known as bemisia tabaci biotype b, but now widely known as middle eastasia minor 1 species was first identified as a new strain of b. Pm100171 treatment of plants for planting cuttings of euphorbia pulcherrima for eradication of bemisia tabaci. Effects of lecanicillium lecanii strain jmc01 on the.
Bemisia tabaci gennadius feeds on more than 600 host plants and vectors over 111 plant virus species and is considered to be a major invasive species worldwide. Your use of this pdf, the bioone web site, and all posted and associated. Pdf dynamics of biotypes b and q of the whitefly bemisia tabaci. As part of a coordinated countrywide effort, an extensive survey of b. However, none of the available markers is completely adequate, due to technical difficulties or lack of reproducibility. Ingestion, chino del tomate a new world begomovirus, old.
B biotype hemiptera, aleyrodidae on tomato genotypes. Molecular differentiation of the b biotype from other biotypes of. Biotypes b and q occur in israel, often in mixed populations. Btabcsp1, btabcsp2 and btabcsp3 characterize bemisia tabaci q and b biotypes. Med wf detections 2016 includes the first residential landscape and field detections pdf file. It rose to global prominence in the 1980s owing to the global invasion by the commonly named b biotype. Btabcsp1, btabcsp2 and btabcsp3 are proteins of 107110 amino acids with an isoelectric point of 6. Use of rapd pcr to distinguish the b biotype from other. The whitefly, bemisia tabaci, is one of the most prolific pests of vegetables and ornamentals throughout the world. Overexpression of cytochrome p450 cypocm1 is associated with high resistance to imidacloprid in the b and q biotypes of bemisia tabaci hemiptera. Whitefly bemisia tabaci management program for ornamental plants1 vivek kumar, cristi palmer, cindy l.
Host associated genetic variations in whitefly, bemisia. The second part of the chapter introduces the forthcoming chapters. Abstract the use of rapd pcr to identify the b biotype of the whitefly bemisia tabaci and distinguish it from other biotypes and species of whitefly is described. Aleyrodidae is a haplodiploid species of a sap feeding insect belonging to the. Bemisia tabaci gennadius or bemisia argentifolii bellows. Phylogenetic trees revealed that the invasion event of the b biotype in taiwan. Aleyrodidae is a key pest in many agricultural crops, including vegetables. M e improved dna barcoding method for bemisia tabaci and. Aphelinidae is a solitary endoparasitoid that is commercially reared and released for augmentative biological control of whiteflies infesting greenhouse crops. Regional distribution, insecticide resistance, and reciprocal crosses between the a and b biotypes of bemisia tabaci volume 14 issue 2 h. Dynamics of biotypes b and q of the whitefly bemisia. In most areas in china, the invasive and destructive whitefly bemisia tabaci gennadius hemiptera. Key words bemisia tabaci, biotype, esterase, virus. Research on the bemisia pest problems over the past 25 years has shown that the species called bemisia tabaci is actually a number of biotypes or races.
Insecticides are commonly used in greenhouses or fields to control b. Abstractpushpull strategies involve the behavioral manipulation of insect pests and their natural enemies via the integration of stimuli that act to make the protected resource unattractive or unsuitable to the pests push while luring them toward an. Susceptibility of medq1 and medq3 biotypes of bemisia. These primers can be successfully used to identify the b biotype of b. Indian journal of biotechnology vol 7, june 2008, pp 366370 host associated genetic variations in whitefly, bemisia tabaci genn. Abstract after the 2004 discovery of the bemisia tabaci gennadius hemiptera. The sweet potato cotton whitefly bemisia tabaci is a major agricultural pest in various fields and vegetable crops worldwide. Their identification relies on a set of different molecular techniques. Bemisia tabaci adults figs 1 and 8 are about 1 mm long, the male is slightly smaller than the female. Inthis article, we refer to indigenous central american b. December 38, 2006 z duck key, florida usa i welcome to the 4th international bemisia workshop. Therefore, at least the b, q, nauru, and an biotypes are now known from.
The silverleaf whitefly bemisia tabaci, also informally referred to as the sweet potato whitefly is one of several species of whitefly that are currently important agricultural pests. Dna markers for identifying bemisia tabaci b and q biotypes originated from various locations in israel vadim khasdan1, svetlana kontsedalov, svetlana kontsedalov2, haggai breslauer, haggai breslauer3, shaishai morinmorin3, mario rippa, mario rippa1 and rami horowitzand rami horowitz1 1dept. Bemisia tabaci, being possibly of indian origin fishpool and burban, 1994, was described under numerous names before its morphological variability was recognised. Regional distribution, insecticide resistance, and. Identification of the b, q, and native brazilian biotypes of the bemisia. Distribution and dynamics of bemisia tabaci invasive. The suitability of biotypes q and b of bemisia tabaci. Aleyrodidae q biotype in the united states, there was an urgent need to determine its distribution. The biotype problemthe bemisia tabaci gennadius biotypes are some of the most prolific pests of vegetables and ornamental crops around the world. Aleyrodidae collected from several field and greenhouse sites in israel. Aleyrodidae is a key pest in many agricultural crops, including vegetables, ornamentals and field crops. It is known to feed on more than 900 plant species and vector over 100 plantdamaging viruses oliveira et al.
The developments over the past two decades as these relate to b. Each biotype has a slightly different genetic makeup and different geographical distribution. The sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci, is a complex species, and many of its biotypes are important agricultural pests. Global population genetics and evolution of invasive biotypes in the whitefly complex bemisia tabaci by margarita hadjistylli a dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in environmental science, policy, and management in the graduate division of the university of california, berkeley. There are a number of closely related strains or biotypes that appear the same as the local strains, but can only be identified by molecular techniques. The worst of these losses are often associated with the invasion and establishment of specific whitefly biotypes. Bemisia tabaci biotypes were easily identified based on the criterion of 478 bp for the b biotype and 303 bp for the q biotype 21. Aleyrodidae is one of the worlds top 100 invasive organisms found on over 900 host plants all around the world. Twenty years ago in 1986, florida experienced outbreaks of what is now known as bemisia tabaci biotype b, first in greenhouse poinsettia, then in a wide diversity of vegetable, ornamental and.
Global population genetics and evolution of invasive. Molecular identification of different biotypes of b. Identification of three major bemisia tabaci biotypes in. Three biotypes of the bemisia tabaci complex are associated with cardinium bacteroidetes and wolbachia, and apparent partial rescue of ci yielding sex bias j. Individuals from the sweetpotatoreared population did not breed on cassava, manihot esculenta crantz, and the cassavastrainreared individuals failed to develop on sweetpotato, ipomoea batatus l. Bemisia tabaci has long been considered a complex species.
The whitefly, bemisia tabaci aleyrodidae interaction with. The tobacco whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius, causes severe crop losses in many agricultural systems. Materials and methods entomopathogen strain and insect collection lecanicillium lecanii strain. There has been some confusion when referring to the different whitefly species andor biotypes of bemisia. Gene expression profiling in the thiamethoxam resistant. Pcrrflp identification of bemisia tabaci biotypes in the. The b and q biotypes are invasive and coexist with the native cv biotype on vegetable and ornamental crops in china.
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